With its unique cuisine, rich culture, some of the most beautiful beaches in the world, breathtaking waterfalls, and adventure for everyones liking, all you have to do is choose the perfect type of tourism for you and be amazed by the wonders of Brazil. The Brazilian regions are merely geographical, not political or administrative divisions, and they do not have any specific form of government. Why have so few heard of it? It is the economic leader of South America, with the ninth-largest economy in the world, and a large iron and aluminum ore reserve. See the State Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and Travel Advisories. [328], At the end of 2021 Brazil was the 2nd country in the world in terms of installed hydroelectric power (109.4 GW) and biomass (15.8 GW), the 7th country in the world in terms of installed wind power (21.1 GW) and the 14th country in the world in terms of installed solar power (13.0 GW) on track to also become one of the top 10 in the world in solar energy. Most of them are public. [345], For freight transport waterways are of importance, e.g. [219], The armed forces of Brazil are the largest in Latin America by active personnel and the largest in terms of military equipment. Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest nation in the world. [14] According to the Kppen system, Brazil hosts six major climatic subtypes: desert, equatorial, tropical, semiarid, oceanic and subtropical. Most of the railway system belonged to the Federal Railroad Corporation RFFSA, which was privatized in 2007. [496] The Brazilian men's national team is ranked among the best in the world according to the FIFA World Rankings, and has won the World Cup tournament a record five times.[497][498]. The Mata Atlntica (Atlantic Forest) is Brazils other tropical forest. [251], The country still has above-average levels of violent crime and particularly high levels of gun violence and homicide. [128], Throughout World War II, Brazil remained neutral until August 1942 Brazil suffered retaliation by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy in a strategic dispute over the South Atlantic, and, therefore, entered on the allied side. These emerged from the dissatisfaction of the provinces with the central power, coupled with old and latent social tensions peculiar to a vast, slaveholding and newly independent nation state. Paulo. Facts about Brazils history. [443] Until the nineteenth century, Portugal was the gateway to most of the influences that built Brazilian music, although many of these elements were not of Portuguese origin, but generally European. [83] The Brazilians refused to yield, and Prince Pedro decided to stand with them, declaring the country's independence from Portugal on 7 September 1822. The former Brazilian president has taken up residence in Florida, leading to an outcry from House Democrats. [152] Sarney's unsuccessful government led to the election in 1989 of the almost-unknown Fernando Collor, subsequently impeached by the National Congress in 1992. [461][462][463], Brazil's most significant literary award is the Cames Prize, which it shares with the rest of the Portuguese-speaking world. "[38], In the Guaran language, an official language of Paraguay, Brazil is called "Pindorama". [285][286][287] In 2018, the chemical industry of Brazil was the eighth-largest in the world. The capital of Brazil is Braslia.Brazil was named after brazilwood, which is a tree that once grew very well along the Brazilian coast. [16], Brazil's navy once operated some of the most powerful warships in the world with the two Minas Geraes-class dreadnoughts, sparking a naval arms race between Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. Extinction is even more problematic in the Atlantic Forest, where nearly 93% of the forest has been cleared. [448] Jack A. Draper III, a professor of Portuguese at the University of Missouri,[449] argues that Forr was used as a way to subdue feelings of nostalgia for a rural lifestyle. Volleyball, basketball, auto racing, and martial arts also attract large audiences. 15 November is now Republic Day, a national holiday. [121][122] Vargas and the military were supposed to assume power temporarily, but instead closed down Congress, extinguished the Constitution, ruled with emergency powers and replaced the states' governors with his own supporters. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states and the Federal District. It is the only country in the Americas to have Portuguese as an official language. Rocha's films Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol (1964) and Terra em Transe (1967) are considered to be some of the greatest and most influential in Brazilian film history.[475]. 2003. [296] Historical records of 5.4million visitors and US$6.8 billion in receipts were reached in 2011. Uranium is enriched at the Resende Nuclear Fuel Factory, mostly for research purposes (as Brazil obtains 88% of its electricity from hydroelectricity[308]) and the country's first nuclear submarine is expected to be launched in 2029. [358] Illiteracy was high (24.18%) among the rural population and lower (9.05%) among the urban population. Finally, external but preventable factors such as car accidents, violence and suicide caused 14.9% of all deaths in the country. Local common fruits like aa, cupuau, mango, papaya, cocoa, cashew, guava, orange, lime, passionfruit, pineapple, and hog plum are turned in juices and used to make chocolates, ice pops and ice cream.[472]. [16] The executive and legislative are organized independently in all three spheres of government, while the judiciary is organized only at the federal and state and Federal District spheres. [479] The Gazeta do Rio de Janeiro, the first newspaper published in the country, began to circulate on 10 September 1808. [147][148] Like other brutal authoritarian regimes, due to an economic boom, known as an "economic miracle", the regime reached a peak in popularity in the early 1970s. It is the economic leader of South America, with the ninth-largest economy in the world, and a large iron and aluminum ore reserve. [52] The Portuguese encountered indigenous peoples divided into several ethnic societies, most of whom spoke languages of the TupiGuaran family and fought among themselves. 1. [486] In May 2010, the Brazilian government launched TV Brasil Internacional, an international television station, initially broadcasting to 49 countries. The states and the federal district may be grouped into regions: Northern, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast and Southern. [270] It has been the world's largest producer of coffee for the last 150 years. It is common for politicians to switch parties, and thus the proportion of congressional seats held by particular parties changes regularly. Of the 36 deep-water ports, Santos, Itaja, Rio Grande, Paranagu, Rio de Janeiro, Sepetiba, Vitria, Suape, Manaus and So Francisco do Sul are the most important. [74], The Portuguese colonial administration in Brazil had two objectives that would ensure colonial order and the monopoly of Portugal's wealthiest and largest colony: to keep under control and eradicate all forms of slave rebellion and resistance, such as the Quilombo of Palmares,[75] and to repress all movements for autonomy or independence, such as the Minas Conspiracy. [283] In the footwear industry, Brazil was the fourth-largest producer in 2019. [176], The climate of Brazil comprises a wide range of weather conditions across a large area and varied topography, but most of the country is tropical. [37] The popular appellation eclipsed and eventually supplanted the official Portuguese name. It covers a wide range of activities: commerce, accommodation and catering, transport, communications, financial services, real estate activities and services provided to businesses, public administration (urban cleaning, sanitation, etc.) [201] In terms of comparison, in 2019, although 43% of the entire European continent has forests, only 3% of the total forest area in Europe is of native forest. Brazil is planting 100 million trees to restore rivers. Corcovado - Christ the Redeemer. Other Protestant branches with a notable presence in the country include the Baptists, Seventh-day Adventists, Lutherans and the Reformed tradition. Extensive legal and illegal logging destroy forests the size of a small country per year, and with it a diverse series of species through habitat destruction and habitat fragmentation. [243] It has built a tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping missions such as in Haiti, East Timor and Central African Republic. In the commercial sector, for example, they represent 53% of the GDP within the activities of the sector. [454], Brazilian literature dates back to the 16th century, to the writings of the first Portuguese explorers in Brazil, such as Pro Vaz de Caminha, filled with descriptions of fauna, flora and commentary about the indigenous population that fascinated European readers. 2. MIAMI (AP) The Biden administration is under growing pressure from leftists in Latin America as well as U.S. lawmakers to expel Jair Bolsonaro from a post-presidential retreat in Florida following his supporters brazen attack on Brazils capital over the weekend. Regrettably, its also one of the most endangered biomes in the world, with just 12.5% of it remaining in disparate fragments along Brazils southeast-facing coastline. The Mata Atlntica (Atlantic Forest) is Brazils other tropical forest. [268], Brazil is one of the largest producers of various agricultural commodities,[269] and also has a large cooperative sector that provides 50% of the food in the country. [132], With the Allied victory in 1945 and the end of the fascist regimes in Europe, Vargas's position became unsustainable and he was swiftly overthrown in another military coup, with democracy "reinstated" by the same army that had ended it 15 years earlier. [387][388] According to the 2010 Demographic Census (the PNAD survey does not inquire about religion), 64.63% of the population followed Roman Catholicism; 22.2% Protestantism; 2.0% Kardecist spiritism; 3.2% other religions, undeclared or undetermined; while 8.0% had no religion. Human settlement in Brazil is thought to have begun at least 32,000 years ago. [34] Throughout the 16th century, massive amounts of brazilwood were harvested by indigenous peoples (mostly Tupi) along the Brazilian coast, who sold the timber to European traders (mostly Portuguese, but also French) in return for assorted European consumer goods. [304][305], The Brazilian Space Agency has the most advanced space program in Latin America, with significant resources to launch vehicles, and manufacture of satellites. Brazil's foreign policy is a by-product of the country's position as a regional power in Latin America, a leader among developing countries, and an emerging world power. WebBrazil. species in the world,[186] Brazil is considered to have the greatest biodiversity of any country on the planet, containing over 70% of all animal and plant species catalogued. [70] This increased level of immigration in turn caused some conflicts between newcomers and old settlers. Before the discovery of Brazil by the Portuguese, South American Indians had been living in the region for thousands of years. After rapid growth in preceding decades, the country entered an ongoing recession in 2014 amid a political corruption scandal and nationwide protests. All police forces are the responsibility of the executive branch of any of the federal or state powers. [82], Tensions between Portuguese and Brazilians increased and the Portuguese Cortes, guided by the new political regime imposed by the Liberal Revolution, tried to re-establish Brazil as a colony. [215] Legislative entities are the main source of statutes, although in certain matters judiciary and executive bodies may enact legal norms. [101], The early republican government was nothing more than a military dictatorship, with the army dominating affairs both in Rio de Janeiro and in the states. [16] The National Public Security Force also can act in public disorder situations arising anywhere in the country. MIAMI (AP) The map was called Beach Trip and was blasted out to more than 18,000 members of a public Telegram channel called, in Portuguese, Hunting and Fishing. But instead of outdoor recreation tips, the 43 pins spread across the map of Brazil pointed to cities where bus transportation to the capital could be found for what promoters [403], The number of deaths from noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (151.7 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants) and cancer (72.7 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants), also has a considerable impact on the health of the Brazilian population. Brazils response to the riots has been swift. It has borders with every South American country except Chile and Ecuador. Brazil defends life from its conception and strengthens family ties. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}10S 52W / 10S 52W / -10; -52. [103][104][105], If in relation to its foreign policy, the country in this first republican period maintained a relative balance characterized by a success in resolving border disputes with neighboring countries,[106] only broken by the Acre War (18991902) and its involvement in World War I (19141918),[107][108][109] followed by a failed attempt to exert a prominent role in the League of Nations;[110] Internally, from the crisis of Encilhamento[111][112][113] and the Armada Revolts,[114] a prolonged cycle of financial, political and social instability began until the 1920s, keeping the country besieged by various rebellions, both civilian[115][116][117] and military. [177][178], In 2020 the government of Brazil pledged to reduce its annual greenhouse gases emissions by 43% by 2030. [404], The Federal Constitution and the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education determine that the Union, the states, the Federal District, and the municipalities must manage and organize their respective education systems. During this period, government brutality and censorship of the press increased. Brazil's current constitution, formulated in 1988, defines it as a democratic federal republic. [14], Brazil has a dense and complex system of rivers, one of the world's most extensive, with eight major drainage basins, all of which drain into the Atlantic. [212] As of July2022[update], there have been 124 amendments. [376][377][378][379][380] Higher percents of Blacks, mulattoes and tri-racials can be found in the eastern coast of the Northeastern region from Bahia to Paraba[380][381] and also in northern Maranho,[382][383] southern Minas Gerais[384] and in eastern Rio de Janeiro. [14], It spans four time zones; from UTC5 comprising the state of Acre and the westernmost portion of Amazonas, to UTC4 in the western states, to UTC3 in the eastern states (the national time) and UTC2 in the Atlantic islands. VIDEO: Brazil's unsung 'capital of happiness' (Credit: Kate Schoenbach) It is impossible to describe Bahian ax without first considering the region's layered and tumultuous history. Much of the terrain lies between 200 meters (660ft) and 800 meters (2,600ft) in elevation. [468], The national beverage is coffee and cachaa is Brazil's native liquor. While in 2019 the world matrix was only 14% made up of renewable energy, Brazil's was at 45%. [309], Brazil is one of the three countries in Latin America[310] with an operational Synchrotron Laboratory, a research facility on physics, chemistry, material science and life sciences, and Brazil is the only Latin American country to have a semiconductor company with its own fabrication plant, the CEITEC. In 1821, acceding to the demands of revolutionaries who had taken the city of Porto,[81] Joo VI departed for Lisbon. [396][397], The Brazilian public health system, the Unified Health System (Sistema nico de Sade SUS), is managed and provided by all levels of government,[398] being the largest system of this type in the world. The different climatic conditions produce environments ranging from equatorial rainforests in the north and semiarid deserts in the northeast, to temperate coniferous forests in the south and tropical savannas in central Brazil. [424] [189] Brazil is second only to Indonesia as the country with the most endemic species. [332], As for oil, the Brazilian government has embarked on a program over the decades to reduce dependence on imported oil, which previously accounted for more than 70% of the country's oil needs. WebBrazil (Portuguese: Brasil; Brazilian Portuguese: ()), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: Repblica Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in South America and in Latin America.At 8.5 million square kilometers (3,300,000 sq mi) and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. This was usually mixed with Brazilian influences from their own heritage which produced a unique form of Brazilian architecture. 2. Published On 12 Jan 2023 12 Jan 2023. The country has about 212 million people. The territory which would become known as Brazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing in 1500 of explorer Pedro lvares Cabral, who claimed the discovered land for the Portuguese Empire. Before the discovery of Brazil by the Portuguese, South American Indians had been living in the region for thousands of years. Brazil faces Where is Brazil? [282] The country was the second-largest producer of pulp in the world and the eighth-largest producer of paper in 2016. Brazils response to the riots has been swift. [221][222] It consists of the Brazilian Army (including the Army Aviation Command), the Brazilian Navy (including the Marine Corps and Naval Aviation), and the Brazilian Air Force. Brazil is the eighth-largest economy in the world, but is recovering from a recession in 2015 and 2016 that ranks as the worst in the countrys history. [481], Radio broadcasting began on 7 September 1922, with a speech by then President Pessoa, and was formalized on 20 April 1923 with the creation of "Radio Society of Rio de Janeiro".[482]. [16] The highest court is the Supreme Federal Court. The service sector was responsible for 60% of GDP and trade for 13%. 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